Typewriting-machine



J. PHELPS.

TYPEWRITING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 23, 1919.

Patented Oct. 26,1920,

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.l. PHELPS.

TYPEWRITING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED umizs. 1919.

Patented 0613. 26, 1920.

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INVENTUR.

I WITNESSES,

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1. PHELPS.

TYPEWRITING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 23, 1919.

1,356,884. Patented Oct. 26,1920.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

WITNESSES INVENTUR ML PW f@. M,

v HIS ATTURNEY UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEPH PHELPS, OF BELLEVILLE, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR T REMINGTON TYPE-WRITER COMPANY, OF ILION, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

TYPEWRITING-MACHINE.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, J OSEPH PHELPS, citizen of the United States,anderesident of Belleville, in the county of Essex and State of NewJersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inTypewrlting- Machines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to typewriting machines and it has for its objectto effect certain improvements in the control of the can riage,especially with respect to securmg a uniform left-hand margin to thewriting.

To the above and other ends my invention consists of certain features ofconstruction and combinations and arrangements of parts all of whichwill be set forth herein and particularly pointed out in the claims.

One form of my invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings allof which are on an enlarged scale and in which- Figure 1 is afragmentary rear elevation of the escapement mechanism and someassociated parts of a typewriting machine having my invention embodiedtherein. In this view all of the parts are in normal position except thestepping dog of the escapement which is shown in a false position inwhich it sometimes gets as will be explained here inafter.

Fig. 2 is a view similar to Fig. 1 but showing the position the partsassume when the carriage is drawn back toward the operators right and inwhich the false position of the parts represented in Fig. 1 is correctedby my improvements.

Fig. 3 is a side elevation of substantially the same mechanism as Figs.1 and 2.

Fig. 4- is a fragmentary top plan view of the dog rocker and itsassociated parts, a tooth of the escapement wheel and a tooth of theback spacing ratchet wheel being shown in section.

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary front elevation of the escapement mechanism, theback spacing ratchet wheel being shown in section and the parts innormal position.

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of a pawl and lever constituting part of myimprovements.

Fig. 7 is a view somewhat like Fig. 4 but showing the parts in theposition that they occupy between the Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 positions whenthe false relation of the escapement parts is in the act of beingcorrected.

- Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Oct. 26, 1920. Applicationfiled January 23, 1919.

Serial no. 272,682.

Figs. 8, 9 and 10 are perspective views of detached parts of themechanism as viewed from a point in front of them.

* I have shown my invention embodied in mechanism and partly for theacommodation of certain tabulator mechanism not shown. In Figs. 1 and 2are shown two ears 3, the purpose of which is to secure in place certaintabulator framework with which the present invention is not concerned. I

The machine to which my invention is here applied includes a set offront-strike type bars which operate a universal bar, which universalbar is connected with a link 4 that operates the escapement, said link4: being moved toward the rear of the machine on the positive stroke ofany type bar and returning towardthe front of the machine on the returnstroke of the type bar. Of the carriage of the machine nothing is shownexcept the feed rack 5 which meshes with a feed pinion 6 whichisconnected with the escapement mechanism and said carriage is normallydrawn toward the operators left by means of a spring drum acting througha tape 7. I

The pinion 6 is fasten or integral with the forward end of a sleeve 8which at its rear end has a ratchet wheel 10, and said sleeve isjournaled on a shaft 11 which at its ends is journaled in a bracket 12mounted on the top plate 1. At its rear end said shaft 11 has mountedthereon an escapement wheel 13, the details of said mounting including ahub 14 fastened on tO theshaft by set screws 15 and having a flange ordisk 16 to which the toothed wheel 13 is secured by screws 17. Aspring-pressed pawl 18 pivoted to thefront face of the disk 16 isadapted to engage internally the teeth of the wheel 10 in such wise thatwhen the carriage is traveling toward the left said pawl positivelyturns the escapement wheel; but the carriage can be drawn back towardthe right without turning the escapement wheel. The dog rocker 20 ispivoted on cone pivots 21 mounted in ears 22, Fig. 3, of a bracket 23secured to the under side of the top platel. In many of its featuresthis dog rocker is of the sort shown and claimed in the application ofGeorge A. Seib, Serial No. 118,607, filed Sept. 6, 1916. One of saidfeatures consists of an arm 24 fastened to the side of the dog rocker bya screw 25 and adjustable by means of a screw 26 and having one or morestuds 27 and 28 projecting from its lower end,the stud 28' being thedevice to which is pivoted the link 4 that goes forward to the universalbar. In some forms of the Remington machine the stud 27is connected withthe space bar. The dog rocker has two stop screws 30 and 31 to limit itsmotion in both directions, and a restoring spring 32. The upper part ofthe dog rocker is formed into a rigid bevel dog 33 and a. stepping dog34 has an elongated hub 35, Fig. 4, by which it is pivoted on a pin 36passing through the dog rocker and secured in place by a set screw 37.Said loose dog has an arm 38 to which is connected a restoring spring40, which spring when it is free to act throws said dog against a stop41 as shown in Fig. 1, but said dog is normally held by one of the teeth42 of the escapement wheel against a stop 43 as shown in Fig. 5.

through the dog rocker and having a nut 45 thereon, this constructionbeing for the purpose of adjustment. In Fig. 2, a portion of the dogrocker 20 is broken in order better to show the stop 41 and some of theassociated parts. The dog rocker construction thus far described is ashere shown substantially like that of the 'Seib application abovereferred to; but in the present instance the dog 34 has a short hubsection 35 Fig. 8, which spaces said dog away from the flat face of thedog rocker 20, and the stop 41 has a reduced part 39, Fig. 9, next tosaid face, for a reason which will presently appear.

In the escapement described the parts normally stand as shownin Figs. 3,4 and 5. When a character key or the space key is operated the lower endof the dog rocker is moved toward the rear and the upper part of saiddog rocker toward the front of the machine, thus moving the stepping dog34 out of engagement with the tooth 42 and the rigid dog 33 intoengagement with said tooth. The stepping dog when moved out isimmediately thrown over by its spring 40 against the stop 41 and whenthe space bar or universal bar returns to normal position and the upperpart of the dog rocker moves toward the rear, said stepping dog movesback into the path of the next oncoming tooth 42 which strikes it andforces it back against the stop 43. As the carriage moves along step bystep it will ultimately be arrested by a line lock stop, and it is theintention that the keys at this time be locked against operation, but asa matter of fact in The stop 41 consists essentially of the eccentrichead of a bolt 44 passing either direction.

very rapid writing the dog rocker does sometimes get an extra operationafter the carriage has been arrested. In that event the loose dog 34will have been moved out of engagement with the lowermost tooth 42 andwill have dropped back against its stop 41; but as the carriage has beenarrested the escapement wheel will not. turn and when the dog rockerreturns to normal position the dog 34 will be in the position shown inFig. 1. If now the carriage be withdrawn toward the right until it isarrested by the margin stop and then be restored to the control of theescapement, it will happen if nothing be provided to prevent it, thatthe wheel will not stay in the position shown in comes down to lowermostposition and the carriage will therefore take a false step so that ifthe margin stop had been set for letter space position, 10, for example,the carriage will as a matter of fact come to rest at letter spaceposition 11 and that particular line of writing will not begin inconformity to the other lines on the page. The false position of the dog34 and the resulting false step of the carriage can also be broughtabout under conditions of operation other than the one described, as forexample by the operator striking a letter key or a space key after thecarriage has begun its return motion. T have provided means to cure thedefective operation mentioned.

In some prior constructions it has been sought to remedy the describeddefect by providing in addition to the feed dogs 33 and 34, a third orso-called margin dog which when the dog 34 is in the false positionshown in Fig. 1 itself takes hold of the lowermost tooth 42 in place ofsaid dog 34; but my invention involves a different principle in thisrespect, that instead of providing a substitute for the misplaced dog 341 provide means for correcting the relative positions of said dog andthe escapement wheel. In the present instance this is done by movingsaid escapement wheel into proper relation to the dog 34. This can bedone theoreticallyby moving the escapement wheel in Thus if said wheelbe moved in clockwise direction in Fig. 1, that is to say, in the samedirection that it turns vented means for moving the wheel in this wayand said means are described and claimed in my application for LettersPatent filed Jan. 18, 1919, Sr. No. 271,797. In the present instance,however, I move the escapement wheel inthe opposite direction and forcethe lowermost tooth 42 in Fig. 1 backward past the misplaced dog 34 intothe position shown in Fig. 2. My said recent application contains claimsbroad enough to cover both of these schemes. The present applicationcontains no claim broad enough to read on the form of the inventionshown in said recent application.

The invention in the form shown in the present instance includes a leverof the form shown in Figs. 6 and 8 where it will be seen that itcomprises a horizontal arm 46 and a vertical arm 47. The lever is shownmade of sheet metal and the two arms are connected by a yoke 48 and arepierced at 50 to receive a pivot screw 51 screwed through the dog rockerfrom the front and having a nut 52 on its rear end. The horizontal arm46 of this lever lies, as will be understood from Figs. 3 and 4, againstthe front face of the dog rocker 20 and between said front face and theloose or stepping dog 34, which is spaced away from said front face forthis purpose. At its end the arm 46 has an upturned finger 53 which asshown in Fig. 1 normally rests against the stop 43 and terminates alittle to the left of and a little below the point of the lowermosttooth 42 of the escapement wheel. The construction is such that if thelever 46, 47 be rocked about its pivot this finger 53 will move upwardand toward. the right in Fig. 1, engaging the tooth 42and forcing ittoward the right as shown in Figs. 7 and 2. Each of said teeth 42 hasits front face beveled as shown at 54 and the rear face of the dog 34 isbeveled shown at When the finger 53 moves the tooth 42 toward the rightthe bevel 54 of the tooth engages the bevel 55 of the dog and cams saiddog and with it the dog rocker toward the front of the machine, allowingthe tooth 42 to pass to the right of the dog 34 and thus into the properrelation to said dog as shown in Fig. 2. The finger 53 is so locatedthat it is always in the plane of the eseapement wheel, whether the dogrocker is in its normal position or in its operated position.

I have provided for automatically and positively operating the lever 46,47 in the manner described by the return motion of the carriage. Saidmeans includes a pawl 56 pivoted to the upper end of the arm 47 at 57and provided with two ears 58 to limit the rocking motion of said pawl,said ears engaging the edges of the arm 47. The pawl 56 lies beneath theratchet wheel 10 and it has a tooth 60 adapted for engagement with saidratchet wheel, said pawl being pressed up into engagement with saidwheel by any suitable spring 61, that here shown being a plate springfastened to the arm 47 and engaging in a notch in the pawl.

In the Remington machine the ratchet wheel 10 has two functions, namely,it is so shaped as to comprise what amounts to internalteeth for theengagement of the pawl 18 and it-also has external teeth 59, the abruptfaces 62 of which co5perate with a back spacing pawl not shown. I modifythe form of these teeth so as to give them also abrupt faces 63 facingin the opposite direction from the faces 62 and it is these faces 63that operate the tooth 60.

In operation when the carriage is drawn back toward the operators rightas indicated by the arrow in Fig. 2 (which is a rear view) the tooth 59that happens at the time to be in engagement with the tooth 60, movestoward the right in Figs. 1 and 2 forcing the arm 47 toward the rightand the finger 53 upward and toward the right as has been described. Itwill be perceived that the lever 46, 47 is thus positively operated bythe return motion of the carriage and that it is operated immediatelythe carriage begins its return motion, so that in case the loose dog isin the false position shown in Fig. 1 that position will be corrected asshown in Fig. 2 within the first letter space motion, or but little morethan that, of the return motion of the carriage.

In order to cause the tooth 60 to run ou of the ratchet wheel 10 whenthe lever 46, 47 has been operated to a suiiicient extent, thepawl 56 isprovided with an extension or finger '64 which when the parts reach theposition shown in Fig. 2 comes against the under side of the ratchetwheel 10, and prevents further upward motion of the pawl 56, thuscausing the tooth to run beyond the periphery of the ratchet wheel. Thefinger 64 is preferably curved in the arc of a circle having the sameradius as the peripheries of the teeth 59 of the ratchet wheel.

In order tolimit the backward rotation of the escapement wheel 13, adetent is provided which for some of the purposes of my invention can beof any suitable kind, but I prefer to mount said detent on the dogrocker itself shown in the present instance. Sa-id detent, here numbered65, consists of a pawl pivoted at 66 in a horizontal slot 69 cut in theupper edge of the dog rocker 20and pressed upward by a spring 67.compressed between the pawl and the bottoinof the slot 69, a nib 68being made on the under side'of the pawl to prevent displacement of thespring. In order to limit the upward motion of the pawl the latter ismade ofbell crank form having a depending arm 7 O which is normallypressed against the edge ofthe dog rocker 20 as shown in the drawings.As will be understood from Fig. 4 thedetent or pawl 65 is made wideenough so that it will'engage the teeth 42 in any position of-the dogrocker. Said detent preferably engages the same tooth 42 as the feed dogso that when the parts are in the position shown in Fig. 2 one of saidteeth lies between the detent 65 on the one hand and the finger 53 andthe loose dog 3 1 on the other. As here. shown the situation of thedetent is such that when a tooth a2 is pressed back against it by thefinger the stepping dog 3 1 can snap in in front of the tooth. Theprecise position of the loose dog at this time can be regulated by anadjustment of the stop 41. It will be perceived that the construction issuch that, even if a key was operated during the reverse movement of thecarriage, the members of the escapement would still come to theircorrect positions shown in Fig. 2.

lVhen the carriage has been drawn back and the parts have been broughtto the Fig. 2 position and the carriage is then released and restored tothe action of its driving spring and of the escapement mechanism, thepower of said spring causes the escapement wheel 13 to turn in clockwisedirection in Fig. 2, thus moving both the loose dog 34: and also thefinger 53 back to normal position against the stop 43. The pivot 51 ofthe lever 46, 47 is so positioned and the finger 53 is of suchdimensions that when said finger is back in its normal position againstthe stop 43 its upper end is just outside the circular path of the teeth42.

It will be understood that whenever the carriage is pulled back towardthe operators right, the parts move to the Fig. 2 position whether thestepping dog 34 was in its normal position at the time or was in itsfalse position shown in Fig. 1, so that whether or not said stepping dogwas in its proper position the escapement wheel at the time when thecarriage is restored to the control of the escapement is always in theFig. 2 position and the margin therefore always starts at the sameletter space. It will also be observed that the correcting deviceincluding the lever 46, 47 is positively operated .in both directions.It is moved positively from its Fig. 1 to its Fig. 2 position by theratchet wheel 10 acting on the tooth 60, and it is positively restoredto normal position by an escapement wheel tooth acting'on the finger 53.

There is an advantage in mounting the detent on the dog rocker asagainst mounting it on the stationary framework in that it has a fixedrelation to the feed dogs 33 and 341-. Where the detent is mounted onthe stationary framework it has to be independently adjusted every timethe escapement is changed, and this is frequently done by repair men whodo not get the correct adjustment. It will also be noted that the detent65 limits rather than prevents backward motion of the escapement wheeland some of the results obtained by my invention could not be obtainedif this were not so.

The detent allows a tooth 42 of the escapement wheel to move backwardfar enough so that even when the dog 34 is in its positlon against theforward orstepping stop M the tooth is between said dog and the detentand so that even if the space key were operated at this time the dog 3%would come back into its proper relation to the tooth, which it wouldnot do if said tooth had been held by the detent in its normal or Fig. 1position.

At the time mentioned the stepping dog has made its step with thebackward rotation of the wheel, and since it cannot step farther, evenif a key be struck at this time the dog of necessity must return in thesame relation to its engaged tooth that it had before the wheel turnedbackward and thatit had be fore the key was struck; and hence notoothspace is lost under the condition described when the wheel and thedogresume normal working positions. t will also'be perceived that thisresult would not be obtained were it not for the fact that the detent 65is wide enough and so situated as to control the tooth 42 whether thedog rocker be in its normal or in its operated position. In other words,if a key be struckwhen the parts are in the Fig. 2 position and thecarriage is moving toward the operators right, the detent does not losecontrol of the tooth. So far as I am aware this detent G5 is the firstin the art that combines all three of these advantages, and it isnecessary to combine all three of them in order to get the resultsmentioned.

Various changes may be made in the details of construction andarrangement without departing from my invention.

What I claimas new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a typewriting machine and in carriage controlling mechanism, thecombina tion with a power driven carriage, an escapement wheel and feeddogs, of a finger positively operated by the reverse motion of thecarriage and acting to position said wheel. 7

2. In a typewriting machine and in carriage controlling mechanism, thecombination with a power driven carriage and an escapement wheel, of adog rocker having feed dogs, a finger mounted on said'dog rocker, andmeans operated by the return motion of the carriage to move said fingerinto engagement with said wheel to position the latter.

3. In a typewriting machine and in carriage controlling. mechanism, thecombination with a power driven carriage, an escapement wheel, an d adog rocker, of a lever normally free of the escapement wheel, and meansoperated by the return movement of the carriage for moving said leverinto engagement with said wheel, said lever thereupon moving said wheelto a definite position.

4:. In a typewriting machine and in carriage controlling mechanism, thecombination with a power driven carriage, an escapement wheel, and a dogrocker having steed dogs thereon, of a detent mounted on said dogrocker, and a device also mounted on said dog rocker and movable by thereturn motion of the carriage and acting when so moved to press a toothof said wheel into engagement with said detent.

5. In a typewriting machine and in carriage controlling mechanism, thecombination with a power driven carriage-and a ratchet wheel 10 rotatedby the travel of said carriage in both directions, of a lever having apawl thereon for engagement with said ratchet wheel to be operated bythe reverse rotation thereof and said lever thereupon acting on saidwheel to position the same.

6. In a typewriting machine and in carriage controlling mechanism, thecombination with a power driven carriage, a ratchet wheel 10 rotated bythe travel of said carriage in both directions, and an escapement wheel,of a pawl 56 operated by the reverse rotation of said ratchet wheel, andmeans operated by said pawl for controlling the position of saidescapement wheel.

'7. In a typewriting machine and in carriage controlling mechanism, thecombination with a power driven carriage, an escapement wheel, and adetent for limiting the reverse motion of saidwheel, of means positivelyoperating to force a tooth of said wheel to move back against saiddetent.

8. In a typewriting machine and in carriage controlling mechanism, thecombination with a power driven carriage, an escapement wheel, and a dogrocker, of means mounted on said dog rocker and operated by the returnmovement of the carriage for moving said wheel to definite position.

9. In a typewriting machine and in car-. riage controlling mechanism,the combination with a power driven carriage, an escapement wheel, and astepping dog, of a pawl 56 normally idle but operated by the returnmovement of the carriage, and means positively operated by said pawl forestablishing a definite relation between said wheel and said dog.

10. In a typewriting machine and in car-- riage controlling mechanism,the combina tion with a power driven carriage having a feed rack 5, apinion 6, a ratchet wheel 10 operated by said feed rack, and anescapement wheel positively operated by said pinion 6 in one directionbut not in the other, of means positively operated by said ratchet wheel10 for controlling said escapement wheel during the return movement ofthe carriage. I

11. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, anescapement mechanism, a correcting device therefor, and apawl-and-ratchet mechanism connected to the carriage and adapted tocause said correcting device to force one of the escapement members intoproper relationship with its mate should they be disarranged, said pawlthereupon ceasing to act.

12. In a typewriting machine, the combinationof a carriage, anescapement mechanism,'a pivoted correcting finger, a pivoted pawlconnected to said finger, and a ratchetwheel for said pawl operativelyconnected to said carriage.

13. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, anescapement mechanism, a two-armed vibratory device, one arm of whichconstitutes a correcting finger, a pawl pivoted on the other arm, andmeans operatively connected with the carriage to engage said pawl andcause the said finger to operate upon the escapement mechanism andperform its correcting function during a movement of the carriage.

14:. In a typewriting machine and in carriage controlling mechanism, thecombination with a power driven carriage, an escapement wheel and a feeddog, of means operated by the return motion of the carriage through aplurality of letter spaces for moving only a single tooth of said wheelfrom one side of said dog to the other.

15. In a typewriting machine and in carriage controlling mechanism, thecombination with a carriage, an escapement wheel, and a feed dog, of acorrecting device acting to move a tooth of said escapement wheel fromone side of said dog to the other.

16. In a typewriting machine and in carriage controlling mechanism, thecombination with an escapement, of a ratchet wheel turnedby the movementof the carriage, a pawl operated by said ratchet wheel, means to causesaid pawl to run out of said wheel after a definite movement, and anescapemenilz-correcting device operated by said paw I 17. In atypewriting machine and in carriage controlling mechanism, thecombination with an escapement wheel of a detent for limiting backwardrotation of said wheel, a dog rocker on which said detent is mounted,and a stepping dog on said dog rocker, said detent allowing a backwardmotion of said tooth to as great an extent as that of the steppingmotion of said stepping dog and said detent being so situated and ofsuch a width as to control said tooth in both the normal and theoperated positions of said dog rocker.

18. In an escapement mechanism, the combination with a toothedescapement wheel, a power driven rack and a pinion for turning the same,of a Spring-pressed stepping dog and a detent, both in position forengagement with the same tooth of the es-. capement wheel, the steppingdog being normally in engagement with the face of: a

tooth of said wheel, and said stepping dog Signed at the borough ofManhattan, city E being adapted to turn said tooth backwardly of NewYork, in the county of New York 10 less than a full tooth space when therack and State of New York this 21st day of Janis lifted and theescapement wheel released, nary, A. D. 1919.

whereby at the conclusion of said backward JOSEPH PHELPS. rotation thesame escapement wheel tooth 1 Vitnesses: is confined between thestepping dog and the CHARLES E. SMITH,

detent. V E. M. WELLS.

